Valve device



I 1D.' rc-zARDnm-:R ET jAL 2,324,690

l 0, 2 y m J VALVE DEVcE Filed Jan. 15.1941 2 sheets-sheet `1 a s MILLER ATioRNEY .rre

` IN1/mfom B GARDINER .July 20,11943. DNB. GARDINR.i12-rfa 2,324,690"

` lVALVE DEVICE Filed Jan.' 16, 1941 2 Sheets-sheet 2 N Fls. 4

ATTORNEY cation from anoutside source.

t Patented `July 2o,` 1943 i Ulvlitti) STATES, PATENT OFFICE VALVE DEVICE numana. Gardiner and Raymond s`.Mi1 1er,pe troit, Mich., as signors to Vickers Incorporated, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application January 16, 1941, serial No. 374,616

` s claims. (c1. 'sot-545 This invention relates to power transmissions,

particularly to those of the type comprising two or more iiuid pressure `energy translating de pump and *which the controlling element 'is moved determines such force. In other words, itis desir' able that the control have the same "fee1 'as `occurs in 'a system where the manual elort is transmitted directly to the load without ampli- Systems heretofore proposed for 4providing over which-1 the force applied to the load may be varied and also in sensitivity to small changes in force applied to-the control element.

It is anobject of the present invention therefore to provide an improved power transmission system for applying selectively variable force to a load deviceand which provides a wide range of variation of force applied and with ai far` greater sensitivity of adjustment than has been I heretofore achieved. v

l It is a further object to provide an `improved controlvval've for use in such -a transmission sy'stem'an'd wherein the principal working parts' such control have been limited both in the range .cumulator 22 connected into the line be vdriven by any suitable prime mover, not shown, and hasta suction conduit I2 through which iiuid may be Withdrawn from a tank I4 and discharged to a delivery conduit IB. In-

`corporated in the conduit I3 is an unloading valve I8` of any suitable construction for diverting the 'pump delivery through a pipe 20 whenever.a`predetermined pressure exists inan ac- I6 beyond the valve I3.

The line I6 connects to a pressure port 26"of a duplex brake control valve 28 having cylinder ports 30 and 32 and a tank port 34. The cylin- .der ports connect by conduits 36 and 38 with a pair of single-acting cylinders 4 0 and 42 in -1 which are slidably mounted pistons 44 and 4G.

The pistons may be biased upwardly by springs 48 and ilLor'may be-connected to a. load which .biases the pitstons 'in the same direction. A tank conduit 52 connects the' port 34 and also `the rod endsl cf cylinders and 42 with the i 'tankIL Referring now to Figures 1 through 3, the constructional details of the valve 23 are there illustrated.' The valve may comprise a body 54 provided'with an end cap 56 atits upper'end in which is formed the port 26 which connects by a conduit 58 with a check valve GII.

from the check valve 60 is a conduit 62 having of thevalve are arranged in the form .of a cartridge which may 'be readily Vreplaced should thel parts ybecome worn and which moreover may be assembled inv operative relationship for adjustment. and tesng before the cartridge is mounted in themain'valve body. i

Further objects and advantages nf the'present l 1 invention willbe apparent from the 'following description, reference being had tothe accomf panylng drawings wherein a preferred vform oi the present invention is clearly shown.

-Figure 1 is alongitudinai cross section of a valve `incorporating a preferred form ofthe present invention; v. s

Figure 2 is a cross section on line 2`2 of FigfFigure 3 is .a longitudinal sectional view on a.

larger scale of= the sub-assembly and .refers tc the mechanism of Figure 1-. y 2 4 is a ditic 'view of 'a brake control .circuit-:incorporating the valve illustrated '1n Figure 1.

Referring nowrto Figure 4', a pump I3 may Leading lateral branchesv which open into apair of lon-- gitudinal bores 64 in the body member 54. Mounted in each of the bores 34 is an equalizer valve cartridge 65 and 61, both of which are identital so that a description-of onefwm sumce l Y These cartridges which are illustrated lon a larger scale in Figure 3 are provided with lshoulders at ss and sa which abut smtable pecking V rings-1l. and 1I whereby the cartridge is sealed in the bore 34 and retained therein by the cover plate 56. Y

Each cartridge comprises a sleevememberf12 having ,a central bore .13 in which is slidabiy mounteda tvio-part'admission valve 14 having a poppet head 'I6 adapted .tov rest on the seat formed by the upper end of the bore 13. sleeve 12 is provided with an 'annular 'groove 13 vcommimicatng with the passages $2 and has cross bores 8l providing communication between the interior of bore 13 and the groove 18. The admission valve 14 includes a second part sz telescopen within the outer part and seemed by a nut 84. The member l2 is provided with a central bore li and at its lower end is provided gwith' an ,enlarged head I! lwhich provides a shoulder forming a stop toilmit upward movement of the valve and a shoulder $2 forming a, spring abutment Vfor a light spring I4 which normally biases the valve to closed position. At the lowerend the bore -83 is enlarged The ` having a stem |02.

as indicated at 96 to a diameter approximately equal to the diameter of bore 13.

Mounted to seat on the lower edge of bore 86 'is an exhaust valve comprising a ball 98 which member |00. The lower end of spring |04 abuts a washer |06 carried by a sliding control stem |08 which projects through a packed opening I0 in the lower end cap member I2 which is secured to the body 54. Preferably a light auxiliary return spring ||4 is mounted in an enlarged portion of bore 64 between a shoulder ||6 and an abutment washer H8. The latter is adapted to be picked up by the washer |06 after slight initial upward travel of the control stem |08.

The lower portion of the bore 64 communicates by a cross passage with the tank port 34. The motor ports and 32 communicate with the upper end of bore 64 above the cartridge 65 through `a passage |2| formed in the upper end cap 56. Suitable sealing rings |22l are provided for preventing leakage between the various passages which cross the parting'line between cap 56 and body 54. The body 54 is provided with mounting lugs |24.

The control stems |08 may each be operated by means of any suitable mechanism as, forexample, the lever indicated at |26 in Figure 2.

In operation, with the pump |0 running and with a supply of oil maintained under pressure in the accumulator 22, and with the parts in the position illustrated in Figures l to 3, the force exerted by spring |04 upwardly on exhaust valve 88 is very light, and any oil-under pressurein cylinder will be exhausted through conduit 36, port 30, passage |2|, bores 86 and 96, passage |20, port 34 and conduit 52 to tank. When the pressurein cylinder 40 has fallen to a value where it no longer can overcome the light force of spring |04, the exhaust valve 98 will close, thus maintaining a small minimum pressure in the cylinder 40 which, however, is insuihcient to overcome the spring 48 and project the piston 44.

When it is desired to project the piston 44 |04 caused by the initial compression thereof,

the admission valve will be lifted upwardly to admit pressure oil from port 26 through passage 58, check valve 60, passage 62, groove 18, passage 80 and past the poppet valve 16 to the passage I2 This flow will continue until the pressure in the cylinder 40 has been raised to a value just balancing the upward force of spring |04. At this point the admission valve will close by reason of the light spring 94.

When it is desired to reduce the pressure in Vthe cylinder 48, the contrpl stem |08 may be lowered, thus reducing the upward force on ex-l haust valve 88 and permitting the hydraulic pressure to preponderate and open the same until the cylinder pressure has fallen to its balancing value.

It will be noted that the admission valve is hydraulically balanced as to the pressure supply and as to thevmotor pressure, although it will bc lunderstood that, particularly as to motor pressure, the admission valve may, if desired, be given a slight unbalance tending to seat the same. This may be done by making the diameter of bore 96 slightly smaller than the diameter of bore 13. Thus; whether absolutely or approximately lbalanced, the motor pressure 'is made to react against the exhaust valve 98 and through spring |04 this reaction is felt at the control stem |08, giving the `operator a reaction in exact proportion to the pressure being applied in cylinder 40.

The cartridge or sub-assembly G5 is so constructed that the admission valve may be assembled in complete operative relationship of all its parts which facilitates initial fitting, adjustment and testing, all of which may be done before placing the cartridge in the bore 64. Likewise,

in the event'of failure of a cartridge, it may be readily replaced in the field.

While the form of embodiment of the invention, as herein disclosed, constitutes a preferred form, it is to'be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is as follows:

1. A11 equalilng valve comprising a body having a longitudinal bore providing a motor port, an exhaust port and a pressure port intermediate said other. ports, a cartridge removably mounted in said bore having one end exposed to the motor port and its 'opposite end exposed to the exhaust port, `said cartridge constituting a unitary-subassembly comprising van inlet valve'V and an exhaust valve seat together with a sleeve member providing a mounting and seat for the inlet valve, said sleeve having a transverse passage communicating with the. pressure port and sealed from the other ports, an exhaust valve seating on the exhaust valve seat and adapted to transmit lifting forces to the inlet valve, and means for operating said valves conjointly to variably regulate the pressure in the motor port, said cartridge havingall of -its parts assembled in operative and nonseparable relationship prior to assembly into the bore.

2. An equalizing valve comprising a body having a longitudinal bore providing a motor port,

an exhaust port and a pressure port, a cartridge removably mounted in said bore, said cartridge constituting a unitary sub-assembly comprising an inlet valve and an exhaust valve seat together with a sleeve member providing a mounting and seat for the inlet valve, an exhaust valve seating on the exhaust valve seat and adaptedl to transmit lifting forces to the inlet valve, and means for operating said valves conjointly to variably vregulate the pressure in the motor port, said cartridge having all of its parts assembled in operative and non-separable relationship prior to assembly into the bore./

3. A cartridge sub-assembly for van equalizing valve comprising a sleeve having a central bore open at both ends with a transverse bore intersecting the same intermediate its ends, an inlet seat formed at o-ne end of the central bore, a combined inlet'valve and' exhaust seat slidable in and extending through the central bore, and having a passage extending from end to end thereof, and spring means yieldably retaining the inlet valve on its seat.

ADUNCAN B. -GARDINEE RAYMONDvS. MILLER. 

